Sustainability Assessment of Public Transport, Part II—Applying a Multi-Criteria Assessment Method to Compare Different Bus Technologies

Many Swedish regional transport authorities want bus fleets driven on renewable fuels. However, it may be difficult to know what technology, or combination of technologies, choose. There is a need for improved knowledge and supportive methods sustainability assessments that can support public procurement processes. In the companion article (Part I), multi-criteria assessment (MCA) method technologies’ was established, consisting four key areas 12 indicators. this article, purpose apply established in part I different technologies by looking at general case assessing buses diesel, Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil (HVO), Fatty Acid Methyl Ester (FAME), ethanol, natural gas, biomethane electricity. Each technology assessed scale from Very Poor Good according indicators: technical maturity, daily operational availability, total cost ownership, investments infrastructure, stability, non-renewable primary energy efficiency, greenhouse gas emission savings, air pollution, noise, local/regional impact land aquatic environments, security sociotechnical systems services. The results show strengths weaknesses each which are later discussed. We also critically reflect upon usefulness accuracy MCA method.